Ralf-Rainer Rygulla, born 1943 in Laurahütte near Katowice; has lived there, in Höxter/Weser, Essen, London, Cologne and since 1970 in Frankfurt am Main. Apprenticeship as bookseller, studies at the Pedagogical University of Cologne, DJ, discotheque owner, musician (»Moltostuhl«), lyricist (»Die Qual der Belgier«), translator and editor (März Verlag and Rowohlt Verlag), editor of »Gummibaum—Hauszeitschrift für neue Dichtung« (1969-1970) and literary anthologies: »FUCK YOU, Underground Poems« (1967) and, together with Rolf Dieter Brinkmann, »ACID—Neue amerikanische Szene« (1969).